As the aging of Chinese population has entered a fast development period, the demand for old-age care service is unceasingly expanding.Therefore,it is urgent to optimize the old-age care service system by a clear division of responsibilities among family,market and governmen.Specifically,it is suggested that the government should provide institutional supply and basic service for the elderly without family suppor.Families should play their vital role in home-based care service system,especially in the smart old-age care syste.At the same time,the vitality of the market should be further stimulate.Policy support system for private old-age service institutions should be built to solve their difficulties in land use,fund raising,and employment et.Furthermore,long-term mutual care insurance system should be established to provide long-term care for elders with disability and dementi.In addition,old-age care service supply should be expanded in rural areas,and more new small cities should be cultivated to provide old-age care service for elderly migrant workers.

Small and medium-sized cities have played important roles in China's new urbanization strategies. Small and medium-sized cities can not only help large cities avert over-concentration of population，but also avoid excessively decentralized rural industrialization in small towns. To develop small and medium-sized cities，characteristic industries and vocational education are required so that people can get employed in the cities and become residents easily. City infrastructure and public services are necessary for urban residents. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) may solve the problems of fund shortage that the local government is facing during the construction. Besides，supply system of accommodations should be modernized to help the rural-urban migration's dream of being settled down come true.

Industrial transfer and return migration have been occurring simultaneously in China．This article describes and examines the changing situation of this new phenomenon．The share of manufacturing sector has been declining in more developed eastern areas which are being transferred to central and west areas，with an increasing return migration to central and west areas．The article argues that this new phenomenon can promote proper division of industry，reduce high social and economic cost of migration of rural workers，and help to build a rational urban system．It is proposed that governments should value and follow the laws of market，and promote the integration of industrial transfer and return migration．Policy suggestions in doing so are discussed．

This paper summarizes basic features of China’s labor shortage,analyzes its sources,and proposes recommendations to deal with the shortage for the government and enterprises.Labor shortage might be allevated by reducing labor dependence through mechanization and automation,by cutting high labor costs through improving efficiency,and by decreasing staff turnover through management transformation.In order to promote enterprises’ upgrading transformation,the government shall accelerate regional industrial structure adjustment,strengthen vocational training of migrant workers,speed up the modernization of agriculture,provide migrant workers citizenship treatment,optimize employment services and labor market,and implement proactive fiscal and tax policies.

Urbanization plays an important role in expanding domestic demand and promoting economic growth. This paper examines characteristics and challenges in China’s urbanization, focusing on the unbalanced development of urbanization at the present stage. Policy strategies are discussed to promote steady development of urbanization. It is argued that balanced urbanization is the key and should be given top priority. Thus medium and small cities and megacities should be in coordinated development, and transferring of industries and labor forces should be guided to promote balanced development among regions.